Volume 8 ; Issue 2 ; in Month : July-Dec (2024) Article No : 181
Yesufu HB, Ukwubile CA, Milagawanda HH, et al.

Abstract

The quest for novel therapeutic agents from natural sources has led to a burgeoning interest in medicinal plants, particularly those used in traditional medicine. S. latifolius, a member of the Rubiaceae family, has attracted attention due to its diverse phytochemical composition and documented medicinal properties. The Plant material was extracted with ethanol (Soxhlet method) and then fractionated with n-hexane. The fractions (n-hexane and residual aqueous) were evaluated via in-vitro assays (DPPH assay, Egg albumin and Histamine). The most active fraction (n-hexane) was subjected to GC-MS analysis and further isolation protocol. The results showed moderate to good free radical scavenging potential with IC50= 0.33 (n-hexane) and IC50= 0.55 (residual aqueous) when compared to the standard ascorbic acid IC50= 056. Also, higher inhibition of histamine induced inflammation (In-vitro) was recorded by the extracts at 200 mg and 400 mg while inhibition of the egg-albumin induced inflammation (in-vitro) was recorded at 200 mg when compared to the standard drug (acetic acid). The binding potential of the compounds to the Pro-inflammatory receptor used (TNF-α1) showed favorable interaction and inhibition of the Pro-inflammatory cytokine. The isolated compound (naucline) which hither-to has been reported from other parts of the plant except the fruit also showed good binding affinity to the inflammatory receptor. Our study showed that the isolation and structural elucidation of phytochemicals from S. latifolius fruits revealed a complex tapestry of bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. Hence, the need for clinical trials to substantiate the traditional uses of S. latifolius and explore its full pharmacological potential.

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